Discovery of tetrahydroquinolines and benzomorpholines as novel potent RORγt agonists

Eur J Med Chem. 2021 Feb 5:211:113013. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113013. Epub 2020 Nov 19.

Abstract

The retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) is an important nuclear receptor that regulates the differentiation of Th17 cells and production of interleukin 17(IL-17). RORγt agonists increase basal activity of RORγt and could provide a potential approach to cancer immunotherapy. Herein, hit compound 1 was identified as a weak RORγt agonist during in-house library screening. Changes in LHS core of 1 led to the identification of tetrahydroquinoline compound 6 as a partial RORγt agonist (max. act. = 39.3%). Detailed structure-activity relationship on substituent of the LHS core, amide linker and RHS arylsulfonyl moiety was explored and a novel series of tetrahydroquinolines and benzomorpholines was discovered as potent RORγt agonists. Tetrahydroquinoline compound 8g (EC50 = 8.9 ± 0.4 nM, max. act. = 104.5%) and benzomorpholine compound 9g (EC50 = 7.5 ± 0.6 nM, max. act. = 105.8%) were representative compounds with high RORγt agonistic activity in dual FRET assay, and they showed good activity in cell-based Gal4 reporter gene assay and Th17 cell differentiation assay (104.5% activation at 300 nM of 8g; 59.4% activation at 300 nM of 9g). The binding modes of 8g and 9g as well as the two RORγt inverse agonists accidentally discovered were also discussed.

Keywords: Benzomorpholines; Cancer immunotherapy; Functional switch; RORγt agonists; Tetrahydroquinolines.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation / drug effects
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Discovery*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Molecular Structure
  • Morpholines / chemical synthesis
  • Morpholines / chemistry
  • Morpholines / pharmacology*
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3 / agonists*
  • Quinolines / chemical synthesis
  • Quinolines / chemistry
  • Quinolines / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Th17 Cells

Substances

  • Morpholines
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3
  • Quinolines
  • 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline